Why We Get Sick: The Hidden Epidemic at the Root of Most Chronic Disease―and How to Fight It

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Novel toxins are a special problem not because artificial pesticides such as DDT are intrinsically more harmful than natural ones, but because they are so different than what we evolved to cope with. One line of evidence is that insulin resistance occurs when you infuse insulin into a person or expose extracted human muscle cells to high amounts of insulin. The author cited two relevant studies here: one study infused healthy insulin-sensitive men with exogenous insulin for 96 hours, and another study exposed extracted human muscle cells to high insulin levels for 3 days. Both studies found a reduction in glucose uptake in response to insulin exposure, suggesting that insulin impaired insulin action. We consider this to support the claim but only weakly, as it is not clear whether the resulting insulin resistance was due to elevated insulin itself, excess energy exposure to tissues, or both. In the human study, for example, the insulin was infused along with enough glucose to prevent hypoglycemia, so the protocol was driving excess glucose into tissues over 96 hours. As previously discussed, excess energy exposure is a probable contributor to insulin resistance. Fermented foods are often a good option, because the bacteria eat some of the carbs. And because of the probiotic effect. Please note that 2 of the references scored a 1 because the reference seemed so detached from the claim that we believe there was a citation error. The intended reference may be elsewhere in the book but we decided not to seek it on both occasions. We believe reference 27 in the review is the clinical trial mentioned in the book. If we are correct, the low carb group in this study indeed reduced their insulin resistance score significantly more than the low fat group. However, it is important to consider that the low carb group had a baseline insulin resistance score that was 70% greater than the low fat group. Because of this, both diet groups had virtually the same level of insulin resistance at the end of the study (low carb: 1.3; low fat: 1.4). This raises concerns about regression toward the mean, which can yield misleading results. Also, like the previous study, this study used an indirect measure of insulin resistance that hasn’t been validated in the context of low-carbohydrate diets.

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Some defenses, like sneezing or fever, may be adaptations that help us avoid or survive illness. Image by James Gathany. Measuring ketones is also useful, if they’re elevated insulin is probably reasonably low, pros and cons of each measuring method. Another disease that insulin resistance may be considered a cause of is cardiovascular disease. Numerous meta-analyses of observational studies provide compelling evidence that insulin resistance is a strong independent risk factor in people with and without diabetes. According to studies which examine groups with variable glucose tolerance, such as the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study, the groups with the lowest insulin sensitivity have over double the odds of developing cardiovascular disease compared to the group with the highest insulin sensitivity.

Book Subtitle: The “Hidden Epidemic at the Root of Most Chronic Disease“ is referring to insulin resistance, as shown by the named sections of the book: ‘Part I: The Problem: What is Insulin Resistance and Why Does it Matter?’; ‘Part II: Causes: What Makes Us Insulin Resistant in the First Place?’; ‘Part III: The Solution: How Can We Fight Insulin Resistance?’. Protein raises insulin, but it depends on your blood glucose levels. In general it raises it about two times fasting level. In the future, Bleier expects to see the development of topical nasal medications that build upon this scientific revelation. These new pharmaceuticals will “essentially fool the nose into thinking it has just seen a virus,” he said.

Why do we get sick? | HowStuffWorks Why do we get sick? | HowStuffWorks

IR is probably also a major contributor to earlier and earlier puberty, as fat storage and leptin send signals to start puberty. Colorectal cancer 2-3x more likely with IR. Cancer is also random, but changing what we can control is a rational approach.Overall fiber seems somewhat beneficial, but has limited impact in insulin sensitive people, and it depends on the type of fiber. If we define the term “root cause” as the main cause that contributes early in the cascade of biological events leading to disease, then insulin resistance is clearly a root cause of type 2 diabetes. Virtually all people destined to develop type 2 diabetes will first become insulin resistant and it is considered one of two necessary causal factors in this disease (the other being failure of the cells that produce insulin, beta cells). Also associated with cardiomyopathy, especially dilated (probably due to poor glucose uptake), and also hypertrophic (probably due to excess growth promotion). The rapid development of civilization has indeed facilitated the survival of mankind in various ways. However, it has also invisibly contributed to the spread of diseases. For instance, in the past, people believed that the tuberculosis epidemic was caused by poverty and unhygienic living conditions. But people used to be poorer even before the epidemic, and tuberculosis hadn’t been prevalent in those days. Only after the rise of big cities did TB become widespread. This is because TB germs can survive indoors for several weeks. The higher density of indoor population in cities made it easier for TB germs to find new hosts. If your insulin peaks at 30 minutes, that’s good. If it peaks at 60 min, worrisome, 120 indicates definite IR (and much higher risk of DM2).