The Electromagnetic Spectrum Poster - Educational Science Teaching Resource (A1 Size 59.4 x 84.1 cm)

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Visible light is produced by vibrations and rotations of atoms and molecules, as well as by electronic transitions within atoms and molecules. The receivers or detectors of light largely utilize electronic transitions. We say the atoms and molecules are excited when they absorb and relax when they emit through electronic transitions.

Visible wavelengths pass through the optical window, the Earth’s atmosphere allows this region of the electromagnetic spectrum to pass through largely unattenuated (see opacity plot in. thermography: Any of several techniques for the remote measurement of the temperature variations of a body, especially by creating images produced by infrared radiation. Infrared radiation can be used to remotely determine the temperature of objects (if the emissivity is known). This is termed thermography, mainly used in military and industrial applications but the technology is reaching the public market in the form of infrared cameras on cars due to the massively reduced production costs. The lowest frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is designated as “radio,” generally considered to have wavelengths within 1 millimeter to 100 kilometers or frequencies within 300 GHz to 3 kHz.ozone layer. Provided by: Wiktionary. Located at: en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ozone_layer. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike gamma ray. Provided by: Wiktionary. Located at: en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gamma_ray. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike

OpenStax College, College Physics. April 28, 2014. Provided by: OpenStax CNX. Located at: http://cnx.org/content/m42444/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7. License: CC BY: Attributionx-ray crystallography: A technique in which the patterns formed by the diffraction of X-rays on passing through a crystalline substance yield information on the lattice structure of the crystal, and the molecular structure of the substance. Exceptions to this convention occur in astronomy, where gamma decay is seen in the afterglow of certain supernovas, but other high energy processes known to involve other than radioactive decay are still classed as sources of gamma radiation. A notable example is extremely powerful bursts of high-energy radiation normally referred to as long duration gamma-ray bursts, which produce gamma rays by a mechanism not compatible with radioactive decay. These bursts of gamma rays, thought to be due to the collapse of stars called hypernovas, are the most powerful events so far discovered in the cosmos. Astrophysical processes are the only sources for very high energy gamma rays (~100 MeV). Extremely high frequency (EHF) is the highest microwave frequency band. EHF runs the range of frequencies from 30 to 300 gigahertz, above which electromagnetic radiation is considered as far infrared light, also referred to as terahertz radiation. This frequency range corresponds to a wavelength range of 10 to 1 millimeter, so it is sometimes called the millimeter band. This band is commonly used in radio astronomy and remote sensing. X-ray spectroscopy. Provided by: Wiktionary. Located at: en.wiktionary.org/wiki/X-ray_spectroscopy. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike This figure shows the visible part of the spectrum, together with the colors associated with particular pure wavelengths. Red light has the lowest frequencies and longest wavelengths, while violet has the highest frequencies and shortest wavelengths.

Visible spectrum. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrum. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike ozone layer: A region of the stratosphere, between 15 and 30 kilometres in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone; it absorbs most solar ultraviolet radiation. Lower doses of X-ray radiation can be very effectively used in medical radiography and X-ray spectroscopy. In the case of medical radiography, the benefits of using X-rays for examination far outweighs the risk. terahertz radiation. Provided by: Wiktionary. Located at: en.wiktionary.org/wiki/terahertz_radiation. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlikeMost UV is non- ionizing radiation, though UV with higher energies (10-120 nm) is ionizing. All UV can have harmful effects on biological matter (such as causing cancers) with the highest energies causing the most damage. thermal agitation: The thermal motion of atoms and molecules in any object at a temperature above absolute zero, causing them to emit and absorb radiation. FM Radio: Frequency modulation for FM radio. (a) A carrier wave at the station’s basic frequency. (b) An audio signal at much lower audible frequencies. (c) The frequency of the carrier is modulated by the audio signal without changing its amplitude.