Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 4e

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The lung of a dog – is the most vital organ of the respiratory system. It consists of right and left parts, which also contain different lobes. Christiansen, Per; Wroe, Stephen (2007). "Bite Forces and Evolutionary Adaptations to Feeding Ecology in Carnivores". Ecology. 88 (2): 347–358. doi: 10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[347:bfaeat]2.0.co;2. PMID 17479753. Transverse superficial pectoral: originates on the second and third sternebrae and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It also adducts the limb and prevents the limb from being abducted during weight bearing. It is innervated by the cranial pectoral nerves.

Male dogs also have a penis bone, known as the baculum. This is common among mammals as it is used to maintain an erection during intercourse. Theoretically, this is believed to be down to the fact that dogs have to copulate for longer as they have less opportunity for mating in the wild (i.e. they have to make it count). Humans do not have a baculum as it is believed we have more opportunity thanks to relative availability of partners. How many bones does a dog have? The size of the dog’s stomach varies from breed to breed. Again, the capacity and weight of the dog’s stomach may also vary within the same breeds. External obturator: originates on the pubis and ischium and inserts on the trochanteric fossa. It acts to rotate the pelvic limb laterally. It is innervated by the obturator nerve. You will find two sublingual glands (monochromatic and polychromatic), the smallest among salivary glands of a dog. They remain on the lateral surface of the styloglossus and lie medial to the body of the mandible.

You will find four lobes in the right lung and two in the left lung of a dog. The lobes are very prominent, and fissures are deep in the dog’s lungs.

The right atrium of the dog heart receives the blood from the systemic veins and most of the blood from the heart itself. You know this right atrium lies dorsocranially to the heart’s right ventricle.

Reproductive Anatomy

The accessory lobe of the right lung (intermediate lobe) is the most irregular of all of the lobes of the lungs. Again, the caudal lobe of the right lung is also pyramidal and located at the right of the median plane. Dog urinary organ anatomy You should know the location of all the organs in dog anatomy. I will enlist all the organs of a dog from its different organs system in the next section of this article. But, let’s see some of the important organs that you should not avoid to learn their details and anatomical features. Fine, let’s see what they are – Supraspinatus: originates on the supraspinous fossa and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It acts to extend and stabilize the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the suprascapular nerve. a b "Guinness World Records – Tallest Dog Living". Guinness World Records. 31 August 2004. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011 . Retrieved 7 January 2009. a b Cunliffe, Juliette (2004). "Coat Types, Colours and Markings". The Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. Paragon Publishing. pp.20–3. ISBN 0-7525-6561-3.

Abductor pollicis longus: originates on the ulna and inserts on metacarpal 1. It acts to abduct the digit and extend the carpal joints. It is innervated by the radial nerve. I hope you know the term ‘organ’ – the collection of specialized tissue to perform a specific important function. Various internal organs in the dog’s body are clinically valuable. So, the basic anatomy of dog organ is required for field practice. Gemelli: originates on the lateral surface of the ischium and inserts on the trochanteric fossa. It acts to rotate the pelvic limb laterally. It is innervated by the sciatic nerve. Coracobrachialis: originates on the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts on the crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It acts to adduct, extend and stabilize the shoulder joint. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.A similarity in dog anatomy is that all dog breeds have the same amount and type of teeth, even if their bite shape varies. Some dog's teeth clamp together when they close their mouth with their incisors rubbing together. Others have a scissor type bite where the inner edge of the upper incisors rub against the outer edge of the lower incisors. Additionally, there are dogs with proganthism. This is a condition where the lower jaw protrudes out from the upper one. This is very typical of breeds such as the Boxer or French Bulldog. Finally, when the upper incisors protrude past the lower incisors, we refer to enognatism. This is always considered a defect in a dog and is not linked to any particular breed. Dogs may prefer, when they are off the leash and Earth's magnetic field is calm, to urinate and defecate with their bodies aligned on a north–south axis. [40] Another study suggested that dogs can see the earth's magnetic field. [41] [42] Temperature regulation [ edit ] The highly sensitive nose of a dog.

As we explain above, canine anatomy is far ranging due to the diversity of existing breeds. These different breeds not only differ from each other in size, but in the shape of many body parts. Perhaps the most significant is head shape. There are three main different types of head formation in dogs: Ilipsoas: originates on the ilium and inserts on the lesser trochanter. It acts to flex the hip. It is innervated by the femoral nerve. On the left aspect, the left common carotid artery, vagosympathetic nerve trunk, internal jugular vein, and tracheal duct run at the angle between the esophagus and longus colli muscle. The right lung’s cranial lobe (apical lobe) extends from the dorsal part of the cranial interlobar fissure to the right of the median plane. Again, the medial lobe begins at the cranial interlobar fissure. You will find a cardiac impression at the medial surface of the medial lobe of the right lung. The external iliac artery is the largest parietal branch of the abdominal aorta. These arteries arise from the lateral surface of the aorta ventral to the intervertebral disc between the sixth and seventh lumbar vertebrae.The abdominal ureter begins from the renal pelvis and collects urine from the renal crest. You will see the right ureter of a dog lies in the close association with the caudal vena cava. Again, the uterus passes ventral to the deep circumflex iliac and external iliac arteries. You may know more about the anatomical features of an animal lung from this article. Left lung of a dog This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sourcesin this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( June 2015) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Teres major: originates on the scapula and inserts on the teres major tuberosity of the humerus. It acts to flex the shoulder and rotate the arm medially. It is innervated by the axillary nerve.